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    ¼­Àå¿¡¼­ ÀúÀÚµéÀº °íÁ¶¼± ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ÀïÁ¡µéÀ» °£´ÜÇÏ°Ô Á¤¸®ÇÏ°í, º»¹®¿¡¼­´Â ÇØÁ¦¸¦ ÅëÇØ ·¹Áö ½ÅºÎÀÇ ÇÁ¶û½º¾î »ç·á¸¦ ÀúÀÚµéÀÇ Çѱ¹°ú Áß±¹°í´ë»ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÇعÚÇÑ Áö½Äµé·Î ¸íÄèÇÏ°Ô Á¤¸®ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. À̾î ÀÌ Ã¥ÀÇ Ãâ°£ Àü ¿ø°í¸¦ Á¢ÇÑ µ¶ÀÚµé°ú ³ª´« Áú¹®°ú ´äº¯µéÀ» ÅëÇØ ±âÁ¸ Çѱ¹°í´ë»ç ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ¹®Á¦Á¡°ú ³ª¾Æ°¥ ¹æÇâÀ» ÁöÀûÇÑ´Ù. ¼ö¹é ³â µ¿¾È Àáµé¾î ÀÖ´ø »ç·á¸¦ µ¶ÀÚµé ¾Õ¿¡ ²¨³»¾î ³õÀº ³î¶ó¿î ¼º°ú¸¦ ³Ñ¾î Çѱ¹°í´ë»ç ÀÚü¸¦ »õ·Ó°Ô ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀÚ¾çºÐÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼­ ÀÌ Ã¥Àº Çѱ¹ ¿ª»çÇаèÀÇ ¾öû³­ ÀÚ»êÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

    Old Chosun was an ancient Korean Kingdom which existed centuries before Christ, and had resided over Manchuria and the Korean peninsula for a long time. Despite the verisimilitude and lengthy existence, scarcity of relevant primary sources has always hindered historians from conducting thorough investigations. In other words, due to the inherent lack of these sources, researchers must challenge the inevitable. In this regard, Father Regis¡¯s records intrigue many historians, for they offer unknown albeit invaluable primary sources to the entire research field.

    Not all historical records are given the same weight and credibility. Due to the lack of reliability, some of them lose historical value despite their antiquity, while others suffer the same fate via bias. Yet Father Regis¡¯s writing verifies its own value and credibility in several aspects. Neither Chinese nor Korean, Father Regis, a scholarly eighteenth-century French Jesuit missionary, received an elite education at the heart of European culture. Despite being prone to Sino-centric biases due to his long stay in the Middle Kingdom, as well as his intimate relationship with Chinese mandarins, scholars, and court librarians who may have consciously and subconscious directed his interpretation of the sources, his missives tell us drastically different stories from what has been taught and learned about the first state in the history of Korea. Conveying historical preponderance, Father Regis¡¯s accounts dovetail with what had been written and told by a handful of secondary sources, including Shindanminsa (History of Sacred Dangun¡¯s People) and Shindansilgi (Authentic Records of Sacred Dangun), which Korean militant nationalist independence fighters such as Kim Kyo-Hun (ÑÑÎçúÌ) and Yu Gun(ê÷ÐÈ) wrote for their posterity during the Japanese occupation period.

    Yu Jung-Hee (Thomas F. G. Yu: ׳ïáý÷) and Jung Eun-Woo(ï÷ëÜéÒ), the two commentators of Father Regis¡¯s writing, majored in history at the undergraduate and graduate levels?a fact that assures reliability of their interpretations with easy-to-understand explanations. Notably, Yu is one of few historians studying the three early dynasties (Xia-Shang-Chou) in Korea. He has been widely known for his book on the Xia, which is the first of its kind to be published in Korea. It has been 18 years since Yu published his first academic work in his early twenties. His specialty and experience in early Chinese history, I suppose, may have helped him possess a bird¡¯s eye view of Korea¡¯s history in this period, and thus may have helped him secure a high degree of objectivity in this book. In addition, it is also worth-while to mention that the two commentators¡¯ abundant foreign experiences will also ensure such a wide viewpoint and subjectivity. There is the possibility that only a few talented Korean historians could intuitively and correctly understand the topic.
    It was such a pleasure to read, edit, and publish writing penned and annotated over the course of 300 years by an elite scholar and gifted modern historians who rediscovered the true value of this primary source. The editor, with surety, is expecting that readers will be equally gratified and appreciate the genuine nature of the lost kingdom.

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    Àö ¹äƼ½ºÆ® ·¹Áö(Jean-Baptiste Regis)
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    ÃâÆÇ»ç ¼­Æò


    Old Chosun was an ancient Korean Kingdom which existed centuries before Christ, and had resided over Manchuria and the Korean peninsula for a long time. Despite the verisimilitude and lengthy existence, scarcity of relevant primary sources has always hindered historians from conducting thorough investigations. In other words, due to the inherent lack of these sources, researchers must challenge the inevitable. In this regard, Father Régis¡¯s records intrigue many historians, for they offer unknown albeit invaluable primary sources to the entire research field.

    Not all historical records are given the same weight and credibility. Due to the lack of reliability, some of them lose historical value despite their antiquity, while others suffer the same fate via bias. Yet Father Régis¡¯s writing verifies its own value and credibility in several aspects. Neither Chinese nor Korean, Father Régis, a scholarly eighteenth-century French Jesuit missionary, received an elite education at the heart of European culture. Despite being prone to Sino-centric biases due to his long stay in the Middle Kingdom, as well as his intimate relationship with Chinese mandarins, scholars, and court librarians who may have consciously and subconscious directed his interpretation of the sources, his missives tell us drastically different stories from what has been taught and learned about the first state in the history of Korea. Conveying historical preponderance, Father Régis¡¯s accounts dovetail with what had been written and told by a handful of secondary sources, including Shindanminsa (History of Sacred Dangun¡¯s People) and Shindansilgi (Authentic Records of Sacred Dangun), which Korean militant nationalist independence fighters such as Kim Kyo-Hun (ÑÑÎçúÌ) and Yu Gun(ê÷ÐÈ) wrote for their posterity during the Japanese occupation period.

    Yu Jung-Hee (Thomas F. G. Yu: ׳ïáý÷) and Jung Eun-Woo(ï÷ëÜéÒ), the two commentators of Father Régis¡¯s writing, majored in history at the undergraduate and graduate levels—a fact that assures reliability of their interpretations with easy-to-understand explanations. Notably, Yu is one of few historians studying the three early dynasties (Xia-Shang-Chou) in Korea. He has been widely known for his book on the Xia, which is the first of its kind to be published in Korea. It has been 18 years since Yu published his first academic work in his early twenties. His specialty and experience in early Chinese history, I suppose, may have helped him possess a bird¡¯s eye view of Korea¡¯s history in this period, and thus may have helped him secure a high degree of objectivity in this book. In addition, it is also worth-while to mention that the two commentators¡¯ abundant foreign experiences will also ensure such a wide viewpoint and subjectivity. There is the possibility that only a few talented Korean historians could intuitively and correctly understand the topic.
    It was such a pleasure to read, edit, and publish writing penned and annotated over the course of 300 years by an elite scholar and gifted modern historians who rediscovered the true value of this primary source. The editor, with surety, is expecting that readers will be equally gratified and appreciate the genuine nature of the lost kingdom.

     

    ¸ñÂ÷

    Editor¡¯s Note
    : ÃâÆÇ»ç ¼­Æò¡¤5

    Preface
    : ÇØÁ¦ÀÚ ¼­¹®¡¤11

    Chapter 1
    Introduction
    : ¸Ó¸®¸»À» ´ë½ÅÇÏ¿© ´øÁö´Â È­µÎ¡¤17

    Maps ¥°.
    : ±¹³»ÇÐÀÚ Æí (À̺´µµ, ¼ÛÈ£Á¤, À±³»Çö)¡¤27

    Chapter 2
    Primary Source (Written in Old French)
    : ·¹Áö ½ÅºÎ°¡ Á÷Á¢ ¾´ ÇÁ¶û½º¾î ¿ø»ç·á¡¤43

    Maps ¥±.
    : ºÏÇÑ ¹× ¿Ü±¹ÇÐÀÚÀÇ °ßÇØ·Î º» °íÁ¶¼± Áöµµ
    (¸®Áö¸°, À¯ ¿¥ ºÎÄ£)¡¤113

    Chapter 3
    Primary Source(English Translation: Eighteenth-Century Edition)
    : ÇÁ¶û½º¾î·Î Ã¥ÀÌ Ãâ°£µÈ ÈÄ
    ¿µ¾î·Î ¹ø¿ªµÈ 18¼¼±â ¿µ¾î ¿ø»ç·á¡¤121

    Maps ¥².
    : ¡®±¹Çпª»çÇÐÀÚ¡¯µé°ú ·¹Áö ½ÅºÎÀÇ °ßÇØ·Î º» °íÁ¶¼± Áöµµ
    (±è±³Çå, ¹ÚÀº½Ä, À¯±Ù, ·¹Áö ½ÅºÎ)¡¤157

    Chapter 4
    Annotations on Father R?gis¡¯s Records
    : 18¼¼±â ÃÊ ·¹Áö ½ÅºÎ°¡ ¾´ ¡®°íÁ¶¼±¡¤°í±¸·ÁÀÇ ¿ª»ç¡¯
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    Chapter 5
    Questions and Answers for Readers
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    Chapter 6
    Conclusion
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